In short, the main differences between an IVA vs a DMP is that an IVA is a formal solution that both you and your creditors must stick to, usually over 5 years. A DMP is an informal debt solution meaning neither yourself nor your creditors are obliged to stick to the plan.
Both plans have many more differences and their own pros and cons. In this article we will help explain the differences between both plans and that will hopefully help you understand which solution is better for you. Below are the main differences between an IVA and a Debt Management Plan.
An IVA like a Debt Management Plan allows you to consolidate your unsecured debts into one affordable monthly payment which will then be distributed amongst your creditors. Your monthly payment will be determined by examining your affordability through your income/expenditure.
Creditor Protection
An IVA is administered by an Insolvency Practitioner who will work on your behalf to find a repayment scheme to pay back your creditors. With an IVA you are protected from your creditors who are no longer allowed to hassle/chase you for your debt. Your creditors will no longer be allowed to charge you anymore interest and charges.
With a DMP, a request is made to your creditors to freeze interest and charges which they are not obliged to accept. Usually, creditors will accept this request for a set period (6 months) whereby a new request will have to be put forward.
Length Of IVA Plan
With a Debt Management Plan, this will continue until either your debts are paid off or you or your creditors terminate the plan. They tend to last longer than an IVA as there is no debt being written off with a DMP. A reputable debt firm will provide you with an estimation of when the DMP will finish – subject to interest and charges being frozen
An IVA will usually last 5 years, possibly 6. You will know at the start of an IVA how much you will need to pay into your IVA each month and when the plan will finish.
DMP payments are flexible, IVA payments are not
With a DMP, your monthly payments are flexible, so if your working hours drop or your expenses unexpectedly increase, you can adjust you monthly payment so that it remains affordable. This will make your DMP last longer and decreasing your monthly payment should only be considered if you are genuinely struggling. Conversely, if your income increases and your disposable income increases you can pay more into your debt management plan.
With an IVA, your payment is fixed from month one. If you do have some financial struggles during your IVA there may be an option to decrease your payments slightly or have a 9 month payment holiday. Generally, an IVA would fail if you cannot maintain the monthly payment agreed. If an IVA fails, you will be back to square one and may be forced to consider bankruptcy
Debts Written Off With An IVA
This is the one most of you will want to know – how much debt can be written off? The frustrating answer is, its depends on an individual’s circumstances. At the end of an IVA, any remaining unsecured debts will be written off. This can be as much at 80% written off in some extreme cases. With a DMP, none of your debts will be written off and your debt plan will finish once your debts have been paid off.
IVA Fees
An IVA will generally be more expensive to setup however the fees will be incorporated into your monthly payment, just like in a DMP so you won’t be receiving additional bills on top of your monthly payment.
Running The Plan
An IVA needs to be administered by a licensed insolvency practitioner, which is why the fees for an IVA tend to be higher. You will have to go via a professional debt company or a debt charity such as stepchange to start your IVA application. A Debt Management Plan can be run by a debt management company or by yourself. There are also debt charities which can help setup you debt management plan without charging a fee . If you want to go down the route of managing it yourself, there are some free templated letters you can download at the National Debt Line https://www.nationaldebtline.org/sample-letters/
IVA Creditor Meeting
An IVA is subject to a creditor meeting whereby the majority of your creditors have to agree. There is no creditors meeting with a DMP
For an IVA to be approved, 75% by the value of your debt of creditors who vote at the meeting have to agree. If you have one creditor who you owe a large sum to, they have the power to veto the IVA. Your insolvency practitioner should have enough experience to know which creditors will be difficult and will discuss this with you if he thinks they may be problematic.
For a DMP, each creditor is proposed individually. Even if one of your creditors rejects the proposal, it is still possible to continue with the DMP whilst negotiations continue with the tricky creditor. Not every creditor may agree to freeze interest and charges.
Your Credit Rating After AN IVA
Both solutions are highly likely to have an effect on your credit rating. If you are behind with debt repayments, it is likely your credit rating has already been damaged and your ability to borrow money will be low.
An IVA will affect your credit rating more seriously compared to a DMP. It will be very difficult to borrow money when on an IVA. The mark on your credit rating will last for the duration of your IVA.
Being on a DMP is will certainly affect your credit score. This is because you will be paying less than the minimum repayment agreed when you took out the debt. You may be required to remortgage or release equity during your IVA
Public Details
Anyone who enters an IVA will have their details published onto a public database called the insolvency register. With a DMP, your details are kept confidential
Am I Eligible for an IVA or a DMP?
The criteria for an IVA is slightly more strict than for a DMP. To qualify for an IVA you must :
- Have over £5,000 of unsecured debt
- Be able to afford at least £100 per month towards your debts
- Live in UK (but not Scotland)
- Owe to two or more creditors.
The criteria for a DMP is more subjective to the company you apply to. As a general rule of thumb, to qualify for a DMP you must have:
- Over £3,000 of unsecured debt
- Be able to afford at least £80 per month, some company’s may go as low as £60 per month
- Live in the UK
- Owe to two or more creditors